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No Haven

When Yale shuttered its Initiative for the Interdisciplinary Study of Anti-Semitism last month, critics saw anti-Israel political correctness. But the project may simply have been a casualty of the university’s global ambitions.

By James Kirchick|July 5, 2011 7:00 AM|27comments
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Yale University. (CanWeBowlPlease/Flickr)

Charles Small remembers the precise moment when the fate of his Yale Initiative for the Interdisciplinary Study of Anti-Semitism, known by its acronym YIISA and pronounced “yeesa,” was sealed. On August 23 last year, he was preparing to give the welcoming address at the largest academic conference ever convened on the subject of anti-Semitism, a conference he had meticulously planned for over a year. Some 500 people were in the audience to attend the three-day event, “Global Anti-Semitism: A Crisis of Modernity,” including more than 100 academics from 18 countries working in 20 academic disciplines. While the conference featured panels like “Christianity and Antisemitism” and “Law, Modernity and Antisemitism,” the clear thrust of the confab was to shine a light on contemporary Islamic anti-Semitism, with a particular focus on the declared enemies of the State of Israel. Small, a lecturer at Yale, was sitting between his parents, who had traveled from Montreal to witness their son’s crowning professional achievement. Before he rose to speak, Small’s mother turned to him. “Charles, Yale must be so proud of you,” she said. “You can stay here the rest of your career.”

“Ma,” he replied. “This is the beginning of the end.”

Whether the August conference was the cause, Small’s prescience was confirmed last month, when news of the program’s demise was leaked to the New York Post. On June 6, the Post’s Abby Wisse Schachter reported that a four-member Yale faculty review committee had decided to close the program just several days earlier and then laid out a narrative that took hold among YIISA’s supporters: that the university had caved into pressure from a cadre of academic leftists and malign foreign influences, both of whom were made uncomfortable by a program they portrayed as a stalking horse for extreme right-wing supporters of Israel. As evidence, Schachter pointed to a letter written in the immediate aftermath of the August conference by Maen Rashid Areikat, the Palestinian Liberation Organization’s ambassador to Washington, to Yale President Richard Levin, in which the PLO representative said it was “shocking that a respected institution like Yale would give a platform to these right-wing extremists and their odious views” and “deeply ironic that a conference on anti-Semitism that is ostensibly intended to combat hatred and discrimination against Semites would demonize Arabs—who are Semites themselves.” Schachter also cited an op-ed in the Yale Daily News by a Syrian-American Yale Law student, who, in reaction to the conference, wrote that “the university cannot preach tolerance and inclusion while simultaneously also providing a haven for bigoted ideas about Muslims and Arabs that often form the basis for Islamophobic sentiment in this country.” After five years running the institute, Small’s time at Yale had come to an end: YIISA would shut its doors on July 31. Small was given three months’ severance, the minimum required under Connecticut law.

In the aftermath of the “Crisis of Modernity” conference and the controversy that ensued, Yale took a series of measures to reform YIISA, but to Small’s mind the die was cast: He had treaded on a subject—anti-Semitism in the Muslim world—that was simply too controversial for the university. Though he had hosted talks by academics on this topic from the very start of the program (in addition to lectures on a wide variety of subjects from “Legitimating Nazism: American Universities and the Third Reich” to “Memetics and the Viral Spread of Antisemitism Through ‘Coded Images’ in Political Cartoons”), the “Crisis of Modernity” conference thrust the phenomenon onto the international academic agenda in an unprecedentedly high-profile way. Anything that had even the faintest whiff of “Islamophobia” touches the third rail of the American academy, and, for Small, there was no way Yale was going to let the program continue.

Yale offered a different set of reasons for discontinuing the program, beginning with the explanation that it fell short of the Ivy League university’s exacting academic benchmarks. “YIISA suffered the same fate as other initially promising programs … that were eventually terminated at ISPS because they failed to meet high standards for research and instruction,” Donald Green, a professor of political science and director of the university’s Institution for Social and Policy Studies, which oversaw YIISA, told the Yale Daily News. Jewish bloggers placed the decision to close YIISA within a broader context of a politically correct university succumbing to the demands of shadowy outside Muslim forces. Organizations like the Anti-Defamation League and the American Jewish Committee issued statements of concern about YIISA’s closure, and the controversy was further fueled by academics from around the world who had participated in YIISA over the years, like Walter Reich, a George Washington University professor and former director of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, who charged in the Washington Post that YIISA was closed because it was “accused of being too critical of the Arab and Iranian anti-Semitism and of being racist and right-wing.”

Yale then announced, in a move that would receive mixed reactions from YIISA’s supporters, that this was not to be the end of the university’s pioneering work in the study of anti-Semitism after all. On June 17, two weeks after the announcement that YIISA would be discontinued, the school’s Jewish chaplain, Jim Ponet, sent a mass email to Yale alumni (I am one) acknowledging the “loud outpouring of reaction on the part of students, faculty and alumni around the world.” In response, Ponet wrote, “I think that within a few days Yale will announce that a reconceived YIISA, under new faculty leadership, has been established.” Three days later, Yale Provost Peter Salovey wrote an open letter announcing the creation of the Yale Program for the Study of Anti-Semitism, to be headed by Maurice Samuels, a professor of 19th-century French literature. YPSA, Salovey wrote, “will encourage serious scholarly discourse and collaborative research focused on anti-Semitism, one of the world’s oldest and most enduring prejudices, in all of its forms.”

But the creation of YPSA did not quell the impression that Yale was timorous about discussing contemporary Muslim anti-Semitism; indeed, its decision to name a professor of 19th-century French literature as the new program’s head only reinforced that conception. A boast in Salovey’s letter—that YPSA would be able to utilize “the Fortunoff Video Archives of Holocaust Testimonies and the 95,000 volume Judaica collection,” held within the Yale library—was proof positive, critics said, of the new program’s intention to focus on anti-Semitism of the historical rather than contemporary variety. “The sad truth is that dead Jews—victims of crusades, pogroms, the Shoah—are safe terrain for academia,” Ben Cohen, a former associate director of communications for the American Jewish Committee, wrote in the Forward. “Live Jews, however, are a much more daunting proposition.”

Due to the nature of its subject matter, YIISA was bound to be contentious. “I’m probably not shocking you to say that if it’s a Jewish organization, everybody’s fighting all the time,” jokes Steven Smith, a Jewish professor of political theory and the author of a book on Baruch Spinoza, who last year was appointed to co-chair an oversight committee created in the aftermath of the August conference. While the university publicly claims that politics played no role in YIISA’s dissolution, both supporters and detractors tell a story of the program’s demise that is more complicated than either side is willing to admit. It is one in which the endlessly contentious realms of academic politics, Jewish communal life, anti-Semitism, and the Middle East inevitably collided.

***

The story of YIISA begins in 2004, when Small created the Institute for the Study of Anti-Semitism and Policy. Disturbed by the global rise of anti-Semitism in the aftermath of the Second Intifada and the Sept. 11 attacks, Small, then working as director of urban studies at Southern Connecticut State University, decided that the world’s oldest hatred was deserving of serious academic inquiry. Eying nearby Yale, he brought the idea to Salovey, then dean of Yale College. “I had a PowerPoint presentation,” Small recalled. “I met with him and was very nervous. He loved the idea. He gave me chores to do, and when I’d go off and do them and I’d come meet him, he would give me other things to do, get faculty support, raise money. He was very helpful, very honest.”

YIISA got off to an auspicious start; unlike most academic centers, its very founding earned headlines. The institute’s international board of academic advisers was a who’s who of Jewish academic heavyweights: former Canadian Minister of Justice Irwin Cotler, Harvard Law Professor Alan Dershowitz, historian Benny Morris, philosopher Martha Nussbaum, future Israeli Ambassador to the United States Michael Oren, and Robert Wistrich, author of a recent 1,000-page book on the history of anti-Semitism. In addition to a regular seminar series, the program also published a small number of working papers and hosted a variety of visiting faculty and post-doctoral fellows.

Continue reading: Ahmadinejad, “Crisis of Modernity,” and a $20 million donation. Or view as a single page.

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James Kirchick, a fellow with the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, is a columnist at Tablet. Follow him on Twitter @jkirchick.
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  • http://libertysspirit.blogspot.com Independent Patriot

    Isn’t it interesting that to go global it means Yale has to ignore the realities of Islamic antisemitism and how it plays a massive role in today’s Middle East conflict and the growth of global antisemitism. How convenient for the author and for Yale that they do not examine Yale’s desire for Arab financing and how as soon as YIISA was ended Saudi money suddenly appeared. To hide behind the inartful and libelous claim of poor academic scholarship is disingenuous. If academic responsibility were the issue then a large portion of leftist academics and their polemic gobbeldygook would not even warrant a second look at any major educational institution, never mind a tenured position at an Ivy league institution.

  • steve

    Independent patriot above is correct , I think. Moreover, Yale knows that no matter how far to the right this went, it’s footprint is microscopic compared to the overall far leftist views (including those on Jews and Israel) that greatly dominate teaching at Yale. The author is correct that Yale has global goals, but it attampts to achieve them with the same anti-semitic slant that Arab Oil Money will demand. As for Professor Samuels, his rationalizing defense of history is absurd. While he is an excellent scholar, he’ll confine his curriculum to that old comfortable history of anti-semitism. For an excellent critique of his strengths and this project’s intended short-sightedness, listen to the jpost radio interview of harvard prof ruth wiesse where she states samuels is a great scholar and the perfect man for the job that Yale wants. That job is to pussyfoot around contemporary hate issues Jews face and stay in the past. Finally, the palestinian rep’s letter to Yale: “odious” views? Anything relating to Judaism or Israel is odious to this guy. That Yale listened to him and sucked up to his hate agenda, is the true north indication of how much Yale will prostitute itself to be a global propaganda machine.

  • eli

    Yale kowtows to Arab money and Islamic justification for anti-Semitism (while Islamists play word games claiming they can not be anti-Semitic [which means anti-Jew] because arabs are semites).

    Here is the website for the Ruth Weisse critique:

    http://www.jpost.com/VideoArticles/Video/Article.aspx?id=227881

    Nothing more needs be said.

  • Asherz

    In short, follow the money. Academia’s claim that of paramount importance is the “search for truth” has not been a reality for decades. The progressive agenda and political correctness has ruled the roost. Those who set the agenda have sold themselves to the providers of funds that are compatible with their own prejudices. This does not bode well for our proud nation and its future leadership in the current breeding grounds. The framers of the Constitution would not recognize the same institutions that they knew, 236 years later.
    “Lux et Veritas” and the “Urim V’tumim” have been dimmed by the dim leadership that inhabit those halls of ivy in New Haven.

  • http://sapir.us MarinaNY

    I could read it until I found the next sentence: “Ahmadinejad delivered a highly controversial address at Columbia University in September 2007″. What is so controversial about it? Since when a call to genocide is “controversial”? Then, the author writes: “Small doesn’t deny that he brings a set of passionate views to his work, seeing himself as part of a tradition of “engaged, critical” scholarship …. In addition to this “engaged”—or, as his critics would say, crusading—research…”. So, Small is a “crusader” (“as his critics say”), and Ahmadinejad is just “controversial” (from the author’s point of view). I think this is enough to understand the author’s position pretty well. It is exactly what I get used to see in Tablet.

  • http://gildahaber.com gilda haber, PhD

    Yale, like America, is disgusting with its slavish adulation of oil-rich moguls at the expense of support for anti-Semitism. Their excuse for
    withdrawal or replacement of the program’s leaders as due to so-called academic scholarship is typically academic and pathetic. It is the old
    Blood Libel in academic terminology that I know from experience, is
    Kafkian. CYA Cover your “behind.”

    Solution might be to discover other forms of energy than oil, and divest these oil-rich countries of our money and their power. If we cannot show honor among thieves, let us at least seek a solution that does not depend on dealing with oil-rich moguls who openly, right now, acclaim the glory of destroying Israel. Give us some credit for seeing through your pathetic sophisms. How can we divest anti-Semites of the power they claim Jews have? Oil-powers rule now. Do not think America will escape Muslim drive to rule the world again. Our women will soon be covered from head to foot and forbidden to drive. Anti-Semitism is alive and well. Concentrating on the past is to stick your heads in Arabian sands and ignore present threats.

  • jzsnake

    This article has left me speechless. I hope Jewish alumni will stop donating to Yale and Jews will go elsewhere for an education.

  • http://emizruc1@twcny.rr.com Hal Mizruchi

    It must be that the brief departure of Yale from its anti-Semitic patterns of excluding Jews from faculty positions and tenure which characterized the 1940′s and 50′s–and earlier–is over. Expect that those “powers that be” will use the same old excuses to marginalize and exclude Jewish scholars from their “hallowed halls.” Only this time there will be more help from Yale Jewish scholars themselves who do not realize how vulnerable they, themselves, are. MA.Yale, ’55.

  • A. Bernal

    It’s truly pathetic when a known terrorist organization like the PLO and its “ambassador” can sway academia to such a degree that Charles Small would be seen as the anti-Semite. Yes, the Palestinian’s are Semites; therefore, maybe Prof. Small should have used anti-Jewish or anti-Israeli instead. Regardless, I doubt that would have made any difference.

    Anyhow, America and its Ivy-league politically-correct sensitivity will continue to destroy the minds of our young people. Furthermore, because the majority of Jewish Americans are liberals, I doubt that they’d recognize Hitler if he were alive and staring them in the face. It seems like the academic community would rather protect Anti-Jewish Arabs for money’s sake, than to stand up for truth regardless of the cost. Bravisamo to Small for his willingness to loose to eventually win.

    This article reminded me of Richard Gant’s character (George Washington Duke) in Rocky V when towards the end of the movie there’s a scene where he is seen shaking his head while quoting, “Only in America . . .”

  • jacob arnon

    I think the problem lies with Jewish intellectuals who have decided that antisemitism is of no concern to them.

    The reason for this are two fold:

    First and most mundane is selfishness: if it doesn’t affect me directly, they tell themselves who cares.

    The second reason is more serious because it’s harder to counter: many Jews have bought into the antisemitic view that Jews are too well off, too powerful, and control the world.

    This is the only thing that can explain why some “well educated” Jews (at Yale and elsewhere) though abominably ignorant of history can even contemplate sympathizing with groups like Hamas and Hizbollah. This is what those Jews who are on the “flotilla to Gaza” do. Their heroes are people like Chomsky who has gone so far as to embrace a Holocaust denier.

    Unfortunately, only another catastrophe to the Jewish people will waken them to reality. This is a prize not worth paying. Hence we need to device strategies to counter a world view that tells them that “Jews have immense power.” For some embracing this view is comforting since it tells that that pogroms and Holocausts are a thing of the past, to other it tells them that all Jews need to sympathize with the underdog including the Palestinians of groups like Hamas.

    Will they be able to wake up before the underdog bites them?

  • Andrea D. Merciless

    The idea of an ANTISEMITISM studies is a form of advocacy in itself. It assumes that all or most hostile views against Jews are wrong, irrational, or evil. Why not just a program on JEWISH HISTORY which discusses antisemitism as an element in the history of Jews and gentiles? Why do we need a program that focuses ONLY on antisemitism? Such study only looks for evidence where Jews are ‘poor saintly victims’ of ‘evil goyim’. Imagine if a college had a program about Jewish antigoyism and did nothing but amass all the negative feelings, thoughts, and actions of Jews against gentiles? Imagine a program called ANTI-ARAB STUDIES which documented European and Jewish hostility against Arabs/Muslims while ignoring the negative feelings Arabs/Muslims have toward Europeans and Jews. Only an idiot would deny that antisemitism is an important topic, but it is a facet of larger history of Jews and gentiles. And it has to be understood not only in terms of gentile distrust or hatred toward Jews but longstanding Jewish contempt and disdain for goyim. It also has to be seen in light of the murderous Jewish role in communism, Jewish agenda against the white majority, Jewish support of the radical gay agenda, and Jewish domination of Wall Street, by which it robbed most of America blind.

    We need a China Studies department and Russian Studies program, but should we have a Anti-Sinocist Studies Program and anti-Russian studies program that only perceive those peoples/nations as hapless victims of hateful enemies? No people are all good or all bad. Jews have been bloodied, but they also have blood on their hands.

    Also, the fact that Jews have had an Antisemitic Studies Program at such a prestigious university is not sign of Jewish victimhood but Jewish power. And the so-called studies is used not so much to understand history but to serve as an intellectual weapon of Jewish power, i.e. ‘if you criticize Israel or Jews, you’re a Nazi and should have your career destroyed’.

  • Andrea D. Merciless

    Some of you bitch about Arab money, but Wall Street isn’t owned by Arabs. Neither is Hollywood or Silicon Valley. Neither are the top law firms. Jewish professors, students, and money far outweight Arab/Muslim counterparts at top colleges. Show me a Muslim president at an Ivy League University. 60% of Democratic Party funds come from Jews. 40% of GOP funds come from Jews. AIPAC is the most powerful lobby in America. J-Street, a milder version of AIPAC, is second.
    Jews are behind illegal immigration, and many prominent Jews are giddy with joy that whites are slated to be a minority in this country. The ‘gay marriage’ agenda was pushed by Jews, not Muslims. Everyone knows about the Holocaust but few know about the Bolshevik murder of 15 million Christian Slavs, much of it carried out by Jewish communist party thugs. Why don’t we know more about this? Jewish control of media and history departments. The world called for the end of Apartheid in South Africa and now turns a blind eye to 10,000s of whites being murdered and raped there, but US has been completely supportive of Israel despite Israel’s murderous occupation of West Bank and attacks on Gaza.

    Jews, though 2% of the US population, own 40% of all the wealth in America. Of 25 billionaires in NY, 23 are Jewish. Three out of nine Supreme Court justices are Jewish–or 33%.
    Yet, we are supposed to see Jews as helpless victims? Gimme a break. If Yale is to have a political studies program, it should be called JEWISH POWER studies. People like George Soros, Bernanke, Sergey Brin, and Timothy Geithner get to call the shots.
    7 million American Jews own more wealth than 1.3 billion Chinese or 1 bilion Indians. Jews need to stop bitching about victimhood.

  • David Rockefeller

    . . and Andrea D. Merciless wins the thread . . .

    Yes, Yale’s whoring itself for petro-dollars is disgraceful. As is its creating a satellite campus in the police state of Singapore — what’s in it for Yale? Levin should lose his job for that stunt.

    But this anti-Semitism center is just as bad. The Israeli Right uses the Yale name to smear its opponents. Ask tough questions about Jews claiming their real estate deal with God entitles them to take land presently occupied by Palestinians and a fancy Ivy college brands you a bigot and anti-Semite. I can see Yale deciding that’s a bit too much engagement with the world.

    Bravo, Yale, for doing the right thing — at least this once.

  • http://atlantarofters.blogspot.com The Sanity Inspector

    After the revelations about Libyan influence money being injected into the London School Of Economics, I stopped paying attention to their Middle East experts. I’d hate to have to do the same thing with Yale.

  • Ernest Jones

    It’s about time! Either have a program that address all anti-(fill in your group)or have none at all. The Jews have become the world’s experts at promoting victimhood, as if the holocaust were the only atrocity that has ever occurred in man’s bloody past. That one of the country’s greatest universities would give them a platform was outrageous. Yale, stand your ground!

  • Katikam

    I’m not ready to look at the Shoah as past history…. Perhaps after I and the rest of survivors die you can forget it completely and live under the delusion that Middle Eastern Arabs perpetrated it?

    I was shocked to read that the Justice minister of Israel stated that Jews assimilating (and this often means Reform Judaism) are fulfilling Hitler’s project. The man seems to be about my age, or even older.

    How is it that he, and others (I’ve heard rabbis in the US make the same claim) have already forgotten that the Holocaust had nothing to do with Judaism? Didn’t your institute offer course on the Nurenberg Nazi laws that defined a Jew as someone who had just one Jewish great grand parent? Don’t you remember that the Nazi project was (and still is) driven by pseudo eugenics?

    Anyone who was thought to have “one drop” of “Jewish blood” was designed as “life unworthy of life”, along with Romas (gypsies), gays, people of color, Seventh Day Adventists and, lest we forget, the disabled, this in addition to real or perceived political opponents, or people who didn’t know their place like the Polish intelligencia who was so very anti-Semitic and welcomed the Nazis only to find themselves shipped off to extermination camps (remember, Hitler thought that though Slavic people were not “life unworthy of life” they were inferior and destined to be servants to the “Aryans”?).

    The Holocaust involved the murder of 11 million people (6 millions of them Jews). As a Holocaust survivor I feel solidarity towards my fellow victims.

    Furthermore, hate crimes against Jews are still perpetrated in the US, NOW. They are not the actions of Muslims but of incresingly mainstrean neo-Nazis. Also, the most virulent anti-semitism comes from Christian Zionists who believe Jews will have to convert or be killed. Are these really Israel’s friends?

  • rich austin

    YALE STAND YOUR GROUND.. Good post Andrea Merciless. COMPLETELY AGREE. thies woah is me jewish victim thing is frankly ANNOYING. tell that to bernie madoff, golman sachs, aipac, that fat guy at the ADL foxman and whoever is screwing with the USA.

  • rich austin

    Another thing is… ISRAEL RECEIVES the most FINANCIAL AID from USA TAXPAYERS out of any country on US dole or welfare. Plus the military benefits Israel gets from the USA. Yet, they have an economy that is fine- ranking near the top- number 5 I believe .The USAs support of the ‘Jewish state’ that privileges one religion/creed/ethnic group goes against the USA founding constitution of separating church and state. The treatment of the native PALESTINIANS by the jewish immigrants to Israel is horrific and arguably one of the main reasons the USA is hated by the ARAB world.

  • Jacob Arnon

    Andrea D. Merciless “The idea of an ANTISEMITISM studies is a form of advocacy in itself.”

    This is Amdrea major premise in her combative comments. Yet she is unable to support her premise in the body of her comments. On the contrary she shows that her distaste for antisemitic studies is driven by her not so subtle dislike of Jews.

    When she says, for example, that antisemitic studies “assumes that all or most hostile views against Jews are wrong, irrational, or evil.” She doesn’t tell us which hostile views against Jews are not “wrong, irrational, or evil.”

    However, she does justify Jew hatred when she says:

    “It also has to be seen in light of the murderous Jewish role in communism, Jewish agenda against the white majority, Jewish support of the radical gay agenda, and Jewish domination of Wall Street, by which it robbed most of America blind.”

    In other words, Andrea’s views of Jews are the mirror image of those of David Duke and other American Nazis.

    This alone would disqualify her from being taken seriously on this or any blog that supports traditional liberal values and scorn racism: Andrea’s “Jewish agenda against the white majority,” bigotry, “Jewish support of the radical gay agenda,” and historical lies Andrea’s “murderous Jewish role in communism.”

    No wonder Andrea D. Merciless (Andrea the merciless, get it?) hates antisemitic studies programs: her views would be among those that would be studied. This is also why she says that “ANTISEMITISM studies is a form of advocacy in itself” since she is threatened with exposure.

    Antisemites like Andrea fear exposure, which is why they hate the idea of an antisemitic studies program.

    There are many reasons why we need to study antisemitism but countering the obscene lies of an Andrea should be one of its top priorities.

  • Jacob Arnon

    rich austin:

    “Good post Andrea Merciless. COMPLETELY AGREE. thies woah is me jewish victim thing is frankly ANNOYING. tell that to bernie madoff, golman sachs, aipac, that fat guy at the ADL foxman and whoever is screwing with the USA.”

    Come on rich, you are andrea, aren’t you? You and her have posted the same comment.

    If you don’t like Jews why do you keep posting on Jewish websites. You are ab obsessed stoker with nothing to say.

  • babawawa

    Frankly, I couldn’t care less what Yale does. They whore themselves out to whomever they please and there’s a price to pay. What does piss me off is idiots like andrea and rich austin putting down Jews for being successful. Jealousy is a bitch, and you will pay the price as well. FYI, can either of you two, or other talk backers, give us the history of of the people who declared themselves Palestinians in 1964 that doesn’t involve Jews? Israel is the Jewish homeland. The end. Not up for discussion.

  • Harry Eagar

    I see a t-shirt: Yale University — soft on anti-Semitism since 2011

  • ralph

    BERNIE MADOFF GOLDMAN SACHS USS LIBERTY GAZA GENOCIDE FLOTILLA ATTACK AIPAC INTIMIDATION LAVON AFFAIR etc. etc.

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No Haven

When Yale shuttered its Initiative for the Interdisciplinary Study of Anti-Semitism last month, critics saw anti-Israel political correctness. But the project may simply have been a casualty of the university’s global ambitions.